[28] Lorraine M. McDonnell and Richard F. Elmore: “Getting the job done: alternative Policy Instruments” Education Evaluation and Policy Analysis 9,no.2(summer 1978):133-152;
[29] [美]约瑟夫•斯蒂格里兹著《政府经济学》,春秋出版社,1988年,p.60。
[30] Douglass C. North:“Privatization, Incentives and Economic Performance”, in Anderson/Hill, eds, The Privatisation Process, Rowman &Littlefield Publishers, Inc., p.26.